Does My Child with ADD/ADHD Qualify for Special Education?
A diagnosis of ADD or ADHD does not automatically qualify a child for special education — but many students with ADD/ADHD can receive services under the right eligibility category. Understanding how eligibility works under IDEA and Section 504 is key.
Eligibility Under IDEA
Under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), a child must:
Have a qualifying disability, and
Need special education and related services as a result of that disability.
For example:
A child whose ADD/ADHD prevents them from focusing in class may need specialized instruction.
A child whose impulsive behavior disrupts social relationships or leads to school discipline may also require targeted specialized supports.
While ADD/ADHD is not a standalone category under IDEA, it is specifically included in the definition of “Other Health Impairment” (OHI) in the federal regulations.
Many students with ADD/ADHD qualify under OHI.
In Massachusetts, many students with ADD/ADHD qualify under the “Health” category of the Massachusetts IEP.
Eligibility Under Section 504
If a child with ADD/ADHD does not meet IDEA’s criteria, they may still qualify for support under Section 504 of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).
To qualify, you must show that ADD/ADHD substantially limits a major life activity, such as learning.
Section 504 can provide accommodations like extended time on tests, preferential seating, or organizational support — even if the child does not need specialized instruction.
Key Takeaways for Parents
IDEA eligibility focuses on whether the child needs specialized instruction.
Section 504 eligibility focuses on whether the disability substantially limits learning or another major life activity.
The right plan — IEP or 504 — depends on the impact of ADD/ADHD on your child’s education.
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If you need help determining the best plan for your child with ADD/ADHD, contact Massachusetts special education lawyer Lillian E. Wong at Noble Education Law for guidance.
